I-Adhesive / sealant/ I-Bonding retardants yomlilo
Inkambu yokwakha:Ukufakwa kweminyango yomlilo, izindonga zomlilo, amabhodi omlilo
Inkambu ye-elekthronikhi nekagesi:Amabhodi wesifunda, izingxenye ze-elekthronikhi
Imboni yezimoto:Izihlalo, amadeshibhodi, amaphaneli eminyango
Inkambu ye-Aerospace:Amathuluzi endiza, izakhiwo zemikhumbi-mkhathi
Izinto zasendlini:Ifenisha, phansi, amaphephadonga
Itheyiphu Yokudlulisa Okunamathelayo Engabusheki Ilangabi:Kuhle kakhulu ngezinsimbi, amagwebu namapulasitiki njenge-polyethylene
Ukusebenza kwama-Flame Retardants
Amalangabi avimbela amalangabi avimbela noma abambezele ukubhebhetheka komlilo ngokucindezela ukusabela kwamakhemikhali elangabini noma ngokwakhiwa kongqimba oluvikelayo ebusweni bento ethile.
Angase axutshwe nezinto eziyisisekelo (izinqamuleli zomlilo ezingeziwe) noma ziboshwe kuwo ngamakhemikhali (ama-retardants amalangabi asebenzayo).Ama-mineral flame retardants avamise ukuba yizithako kanti ama-organic compounds angaba asebenzayo noma angezelelwe.
Ukudizayina Okunamathelayo Okungavimbi Umlilo
Umlilo unezigaba ezine ngempumelelo:
Ukuthwasa
Ukukhula
Isimo Esiqinile, futhi
Ukubola
Ukuqhathaniswa Kwamazinga Okushisa Okwehliswa Kwezinto Ezinamathelayo Ezivamile Ze-Thermoset
Nalabo Abafinyelelwe Ezigabeni Ezihlukahlukene Zomlilo
Isifunda ngasinye sinezinga lokushisa elihambisanayo lokuwohloka njengoba kuboniswe kuMfanekiso.Ekwakheni into enamathelayo ebamba umlilo, abaklami kufanele bafake imizamo yabo ekuletheni ukumelana nezinga lokushisa endaweni efanele yomlilo yohlelo lokusebenza:
● Emkhiqizweni we-elekthronikhi, isibonelo, into enamathelayo kufanele icindezele noma yikuphi ukuthambekela kwengxenye ye-elekthronikhi yokubamba umlilo - noma ukuqalisa - uma kukhona ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa okubangelwa iphutha.
● Kumathayela ahlanganisayo noma amaphaneli, izinto ezinamathelayo zidinga ukumelana nokuhlukaniswa ezigabeni zokukhula nezizinzile, ngisho nalapho zithintana ngqo nelangabi.
● Kumelwe futhi banciphise amagesi anobuthi nentuthu ekhishwayo.Izakhiwo ezithwala imithwalo cishe zizohlangabezana nezigaba ezine zomlilo.
Ukukhawulela Umjikelezo Wokuvutha
Ukuze unciphise umjikelezo womlilo, inqubo eyodwa noma ezimbalwa ezifaka isandla emlilweni kufanele zisuswe:
● Ukuqedwa kukaphethiloli oguquguqukayo, njengokupholisa
● Ukukhiqizwa kwesithiyo esishisayo, njengokusha, ngaleyo ndlela kuqedwe uphethiloli ngokunciphisa ukudluliswa kokushisa, noma
● Ukucisha ukusabela kweketango elangabini, njengokwengeza ama-radical scavengers afanelekile
Izithasiselo ezingabusheki ilangabi zenza lokhu ngokusebenza ngamakhemikhali kanye/noma ngokomzimba esigabeni esijiyile (esiqinile) noma esigabeni segesi ngokunikeza omunye wale misebenzi elandelayo:
●Abaqambi bezinhlamvu:Ngokuvamile izinhlanganisela ze-phosphorus, ezisusa umthombo wamafutha ekhabhoni futhi zinikeze isendlalelo sokuvala umlilo ngokumelene nokushisa komlilo.Zimbili izindlela zokwenza ama-char:
Ukuqondisa kabusha ukusabela kwamakhemikhali okuhilelekile ekuboleni okuvuna ukusabela okukhipha ikhabhoni kune-CO noma i-CO2 kanye
Ukwakheka kongqimba olungaphezulu lwe-char evikelayo
●Izithambisi zokushisa:Ngokuvamile ama-hydrate ensimbi, njenge-aluminium trihydrate noma i-magnesium hydroxide, asusa ukushisa ngokuhwamuka kwamanzi esakhiweni se-flame retardant.
●Izici zokucima umlilo:Ngokuvamile amasistimu e-halogen asekelwe ku-bromine noma e-chlorine aphazamisa ukusabela elangabini.
● Ama-Synergists:Ngokuvamile ama-antimony compounds, athuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-flame quencher.
Ukubaluleka Kwama-Flame Retardants Ekuvikelweni Komlilo
Izinqamuleli zomlilo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokuvikela umlilo njengoba zinganciphisi nje kuphela ingozi yokuqalwa komlilo, kodwa futhi nokusakazeka kwawo.Lokhu kwandisa isikhathi sokuphunyuka futhi, ngaleyo ndlela, kuvikela abantu, impahla, kanye nemvelo.
Kunezindlela eziningi zokwenza i-adhesive njengento evimbela umlilo.Masiqonde ukuhlukaniswa kwama-flame retardants ngokuningiliziwe.
Isidingo sezinto zokunamathisela ezivimbela umlilo ziyanda futhi ukusetshenziswa kwazo kunwebeka kuzibonelo eziningi zemikhakha yemboni ehlanganisa i-aerospace, ezokwakha, ezogesi kanye nezokuthutha zomphakathi (ikakhulukazi izitimela).
1: Ngakho-ke, enye yezindlela eziyinhloko ezisobala iwukuba ukumelana nelangabi / ukungashi noma, okungcono kakhulu, ukuvimbela amalangabi - ukuvimbela umlilo ngendlela efanele.
2: Okunamathelayo akufanele kukhiphe intuthu eningi noma enobuthi.
I-3: I-adhesive idinga ukugcina ubuqotho bayo besakhiwo emazingeni okushisa aphezulu (ibe nokumelana okuhle kwezinga lokushisa ngangokunokwenzeka).
4: Izinto ezinamathelayo ezibolile akufanele zibe nemikhiqizo ephumayo enobuthi.
Kubukeka njengokuhleleka okude ukukhiqiza into enamathelayo ekwazi ukuhambisana nalezi zidingo - futhi kulesi sigaba, i-viscosity, umbala, isivinini sokwelapha kanye nendlela ekhethwayo yokwelapha, ukugcwaliswa kwegebe, ukusebenza kwamandla, ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal, kanye nokupakishwa akukaze kwenzeke. kucatshangelwe.Kepha osokhemisi bezokuthuthukiswa bajabulela inselele enhle ngakho-ke YETHU!
Imithethonqubo yezemvelo ijwayele ukuba yimboni kanye nesifunda esithile
Iqembu elikhulu labahloli be-flame retardants litholakale linephrofayili enhle yemvelo nempilo.Lezi izi:
● I-Ammonium polyphosphate
● I-Aluminium diethylphosphinate
● I-aluminium hydroxide
● I-Magnesium hydroxide
● I-melamine polyphosphate
● I-Dihydrooxaphosphaphenanthrene
● I-Zinc stannate
● I-Zinc hydroxstannate
Ukuncipha komlilo
Izinto ezinamathelayo zingathuthukiswa ukuze zihambisane nesilinganiso esishelelayo sokubambezeleka komlilo - nansi imininingwane yezigaba ze-Underwriters Laboratory Testing.Njengabakhiqizi abanamathelayo, sibona izicelo ikakhulukazi ze-UL94 V-0 futhi ngezikhathi ezithile ze-HB.
UL94
● HB: ukushiswa kancane esibonelweni esivundlile.Izinga lokushiswa elingu-<76mm/min ngokujiya okungu-<3mm noma ukuma kokushisa ngaphambi kuka-100mm
● V-2: (okume mpo) kuyama ukushisa kumasekhondi angu-<30 futhi noma yikuphi ukuvuza kungase kuvutha
● V-1: (okume mpo) kuyama ukushisa kumasekhondi angu-<30, futhi ukuconsa kuvunyelwe (kodwa kufanelehhayivutha)
● I-V-0 (emi mpo) izitobhisi zokuvutha kumasekhondi angu-<10, futhi ukuconsa kuvunyelwe (kodwa kufanelehhayivutha)
● I-5VB (isampula yoqwembe oluqondile) iyama ngamasekhondi angu-60, akukho ukuconsa;isifanekiso singase sibe nembobo.
● 5VA njengenhla kodwa ayivunyelwe ukwakha imbobo.
Izigaba ezimbili zokugcina zizophathelene nephaneli eliboshiwe kunesifanekiso sokunamathela.
Ukuhlola kulula kakhulu futhi akudingi okokusebenza okuyinkimbinkimbi, nansi ukusetha kokuhlola okuyisisekelo:
Kungaba nzima ukwenza lokhu kuhlolwa kwezinye izinto zokunamathisela kuphela.Ikakhulukazi ezintweni ezinamathelayo ezingeke zelaphe kahle ngaphandle kwelunga elivaliwe.Kulokhu, ungahlola kuphela phakathi kwama-substrates ahlanganisiwe.Kodwa-ke, i-epoxy glue nezinamatheliso ze-UV zingelapheka njengesibonelo esiqinile sokuhlola.Bese, faka isampula yokuhlola emihlathini yesitendi sokunamathisela.Gcina ibhakede lesihlabathi eduze, futhi sincoma ngokuqinile ukwenza lokhu ngaphansi kokukhipha noma ekhabetheni lomusi.Ungawacishi noma yimaphi ama-alamu entuthu!Ikakhulukazi labo abaxhumene ngqo nabezimo eziphuthumayo.Bamba isifanekiso emlilweni kanye nesikhathi ukuthi kuthatha isikhathi esingakanani ukuthi ilangabi licime.Hlola noma imaphi amaconsi ngaphansi (ngethemba, unethreyi elilahlwayo endaweni; ngaphandle kwalokho, bye-bye worktop nice).
Osokhemisi abanamathelayo bahlanganisa izithasiselo eziningi ukuze benze izinto ezinamathelayo ezingavimbeli umlilo - futhi ngezinye izikhathi ngisho nokucisha amalangabi (nakuba lesi sici kunzima kakhulu ukusifeza namuhla njengoba abakhiqizi bezimpahla abaningi manje sebecela ukwakheka okungenayo i-halogen).
Izithasiselo zokunamathisela ukumelana nomlilo zihlanganisa
● Izinto eziphilayo ezibangela ukusha ezisiza ekwehliseni ukushisa nentuthu futhi zivikele izinto ezingaphansi ekushiseni.
● Izinqamuleli zokushisa, lezi zingama-hydrate ensimbi avamile asiza ukunikeza okunamathelayo izici ezishisayo ezishisayo (ngokuvamile, izinamatheliso ezivimbela umlilo zikhethelwa izinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlanganisa ukushisa lapho kudingeka khona ukuqhutshwa kwe-thermal).
Ibhalansi ecophelelayo njengoba lezi zithasiselo zizodala ukuphazamiseka kwezinye izinto zokunamathela njengamandla, i-rheology, isivinini sokwelapha, ukuguquguquka njll.
Ingabe ukhona umehluko phakathi kwezinamatheliso ezingashi kanye nezinamatheliso ezivimbela umlilo?
Yebo!Nakhu.Womabili la magama acatshangelwe esihlokweni, kodwa mhlawumbe kungcono kakhulu ukulungisa indaba.
Izinamatheliso ezikwazi ukumelana nomlilo
lezi kuvame ukuba yimikhiqizo efana namasimende anamathelayo angaphili kanye nama-sealants.Azishi futhi zimelana namazinga okushisa aphezulu.Izicelo zalezi zinhlobo zemikhiqizo zifaka, ama-blast furnaces, ohhavini njll. Abenzi lutho ukumisa ukushiswa komhlangano.Kodwa benza umsebenzi omkhulu wokubamba zonke izingcezu ezivuthayo ndawonye.
Izinamatheliso ezivimbela umlilo
Lokhu kusiza ukucisha amalangabi futhi kubambezele ukubhebhetheka komlilo.
Izimboni eziningi zifuna lezi zinhlobo zokunamathela
● Ezogesi- okokubumba kanye nokuhlanganisa izinto zikagesi, osinki bokushisa abahlanganisayo, amabhodi esekethe njll. I-electronic short circuit ingabhebhethekisa umlilo kalula.Kodwa ama-PCB aqukethe izinto ezivimbela umlilo - ngokuvamile kubalulekile ukuthi izinto ezinamathelayo nazo zibe nalezi zakhiwo.
● Ukwakha– ukuvala nokubeka phansi (ikakhulukazi ezindaweni zomphakathi) ngokuvamile kufanele kungashi futhi kuhlanganiswe into enamathelayo evimbela umlilo.
● Izithuthi zomphakathi– amakalishi ezitimela, izinto zangaphakathi zamabhasi, amathilamu njll. Izicelo zokunamathelisa i-Flame retardant zihlanganisa amaphaneli ayinhlanganisela ayinhlanganisela, ukubeka phansi, nezinye izinto zokuhlanganisa nokufakwa.Izinamatheliso azigcini nje ngokusiza ukumisa ukubhebhetheka komlilo.Kodwa bahlinzeka ngokuhlanganyela kobuhle ngaphandle kwesidingo sezibophelelo zemishini ezingabukeki (kanye nama-rattly).
● Izindiza- njengoba kushiwo ngaphambili, izinto zangaphakathi ze-cabin zingaphansi kwemithetho eqinile.Kufanele zingavimbeli umlilo futhi zingagcwali intuthu emnyama ngesikhathi somlilo.
Amazinga kanye Nezindlela Zokuhlola zama-Flame Retardants
Amazinga ahlobene nokuhlolwa komlilo ahloselwe ukunquma ukusebenza kwento ephathelene nelangabi, intuthu, nobuthi (FST).Ukuhlola okuningana kuye kwasetshenziswa kabanzi ukuze kutholwe ukumelana kwezinto ezisetshenziswayo kulezi zimo.
Ukuhlolwa Okukhethiwe Kwama-Flame Retardants
| Ukumelana Nokushiswa | |
| I-ASTM D635 | “Izinga Lokushiswa Kwepulasitiki” |
| I-ASTM E162 | "Ukuvutha Kwezinto Zepulasitiki" |
| I-UL94 | “Ukuvutha Kwezinto Zepulasitiki” |
| ISO 5657 | "Ukungabi nasici Kwemikhiqizo Yokwakha" |
| BS6853 | "Ukusakazwa kweFlame" |
| FAR 25.853 | "I-Airworthiness Standard - Ingaphakathi Legumbi" |
| I-NF T 51-071 | "I-Oxygen Index" |
| NF C 20-455 | "Glow Wire Test" |
| I-DIN 53438 | "Ukusakazwa kweFlame" |
| Ukumelana Namazinga Okushisa Aphakeme | |
| I-BS 476 Ingxenye No. 7 | "Ukusabalala Kwelangabi Lobuso - Izinto Zokwakha" |
| I-DIN 4172 | “Ukuziphatha Komlilo Kwezinto Zokwakha” |
| I-ASTM E648 | “Izembozo Zaphansi – Iphaneli Elikhazimulayo” |
| Ubuthi | |
| I-SMP 800C | “Ukuhlola Ubuthi” |
| BS6853 | “Ukukhipha Intuthu” |
| NF X 70-100 | “Ukuhlola Ubuthi” |
| I-ATS 1000.01 | “Ukuminyana Kwentuthu” |
| Isizukulwane Sentuthu | |
| BS 6401 | “I-Specific Optical Density of Smoke” |
| BS6853 | “Ukukhipha Intuthu” |
| I-NES 711 | “Inkomba Yentuthu Yemikhiqizo Evuthayo” |
| I-ASTM D2843 | “Ukuminyana Kwentuthu Emapulasitiki Avuthayo” |
| ISO CD5659 | "I-Specific Optical Density - Isizukulwane Sentuthu" |
| I-ATS 1000.01 | “Ukuminyana Kwentuthu” |
| I-DIN 54837 | "Isizukulwane Smoke" |
Ukuhlola Ukumelana Nokushiswa
Ezivivinyweni eziningi ezilinganisa ukumelana nokushiswa, izinamatheliso ezifanele yilezo ezingaqhubeki zivutha nganoma yisiphi isikhathi esibalulekile ngemva kokususwa komthombo wokushisa.Kulezi zivivinyo isampula elinamathelayo elilashiwe lingase lishiswe ngaphandle kwanoma yikuphi ukunamathela (okunamathelayo kuhlolwe njengefilimu yamahhala).
Nakuba le ndlela ingalingisi iqiniso elingokoqobo, inikeza idatha ewusizo mayelana nokumelana okuhlobene kwe-adhesive ekushiseni.
Izakhiwo zesampula ezinokunamathela nokunamathela nazo zingahlolwa.Le miphumela ingase imele kakhulu ukusebenza kwe-adhesive emlilweni wangempela njengoba umnikelo ohlinzekwa yi-adherend ungase ube omuhle noma omubi.
UL-94 Vertical Burning Test
Ihlinzeka ngokuhlolwa kokuqala kokuvutha okuhlobene nokuconsa kwama-polymers asetshenziswa ezintweni zikagesi, izinto zikagesi, izinto zikagesi, nezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza.Ibhekana nezici ezinjalo zokusetshenziswa kokugcina zokubasa, izinga lokusha, ukusabalala kwelangabi, umnikelo kaphethiloli, amandla okuvutha, kanye nemikhiqizo yokusha.
Ukusebenza Nokusetha - Kulokhu kuhlolwa ifilimu noma isampula ye-substrate eboshiwe ikhwezwa ngokuqondile endaweni ebiyelwe mahhala.Isishisi sifakwa ngaphansi kwesampula imizuzwana eyi-10 futhi ubude bokuvutha bubekiwe.Noma yikuphi ukuconsa okhela ukotini wokuhlinzwa obekwe amayintshi angu-12 ngaphansi kwesampula kuyaphawulwa.
Ukuhlolwa kunezigaba eziningana:
94 V-0: Asikho isifanekiso esinokuvutha amalangabi ngaphezu kwamasekhondi ayi-10 ngemva kokuthungela.Izibonelo azishi kuze kufike ku-clamp yokubamba, ziconsise futhi zithungele ukotini, noma zibe nokuvutha okukhazimulayo okuqhubekayo imizuzwana engama-30 ngemva kokususwa kwelangabi lokuhlola.
94 V-1: Asikho isifanekiso esizoba nokuvutha amalangabi ngaphezu kwamasekhondi angu-30 ngemva kokuthungela ngakunye.Izibonelo azishi kuze kufike ku-clamp yokubamba, ziconse futhi zithungele ukotini, noma zibe nokukhanya okungemuva kwamasekhondi angaphezu kuka-60.
94 V-2: Lokhu kuhlanganisa imibandela efana ne-V-1, ngaphandle kokuthi ama-specimens avunyelwe ukuconsa futhi ashise ukotini ngaphansi kwesifanekiso.
Amanye Amasu Wokukala Ukumelana Nokushiswa
Enye indlela yokulinganisa ukumelana nokusha kwento ethile ukukala inkomba ye-oxygen elinganiselwe (LOI).I-LOI ubuncane bokugxila komoyampilo obonakaliswa njengephesenti levolumu yengxube ye-oxygen ne-nitrogen esekela nje ukuvutha okuvuthayo kwento ekuqaleni kwegumbi lokushisa.
Ukumelana ne-adhesive emazingeni okushisa aphezulu esimweni somlilo kudinga ukucatshangelwa okukhethekile ngaphandle kwelangabi, intuthu, kanye nemiphumela yobuthi.Ngokuvamile i-substrate izovikela i-adhesive emlilweni.Kodwa-ke, uma okunamathelayo kuxega noma kuncipha ngenxa yokushisa komlilo, ilunga lingahluleka libangele ukuhlukaniswa kwe-substrate ne-adhesive.Uma lokhu kwenzeka, ingcina ngokwayo idalulwa kanye ne-substrate yesibili.Lezi zindawo ezintsha zingaba nengxenye eyengeziwe emlilweni.
Igumbi lokuminyana kwentuthu ye-NIST (ASTM D2843, BS 6401) lisetshenziswa kabanzi kuyo yonke imikhakha yezimboni ukuze kunqunywe intuthu ekhiqizwe izinto eziqinile kanye namaqoqo afakwe endaweni eqondile ngaphakathi kwegumbi elivaliwe.Ukuminyana kwentuthu kukalwa ngokubona.
Lapho into enamathelayo ihlanganiswe phakathi kwama-substrates amabili, ukumelana nomlilo kanye nokusebenza okushisayo kwe-substrates kulawula ukubola kanye nokukhipha intuthu kokunamathelayo.
Ezivivinyweni zokuminyana kwentuthu, izinto ezinamathelayo zingahlolwa zodwa njenge-coating yamahhala ukuze kubekwe isimo esibi kakhulu.
Thola Ibanga Elifanelekile Le-Flame Retardant
Buka anhlobonhlobo amamaki eretardant flame atholakalayo emakethe namuhla, hlaziya idatha yezobuchwepheshe yomkhiqizo ngamunye, thola usizo lobuchwepheshe noma ucele amasampula.
TF-101, TF-201, TF-AMP
