Izembozo zendwangu ezingenayo i-halogen-flame-retardant (HFFR) ziwubuchwepheshe obuvikela umlilo obunobungani nemvelo obusebenzisa amakhemikhali angenawo i-halogen (isb., i-chlorine, i-bromine) ukuze kufezwe ukumelana nomlilo. Zisetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni edinga amazinga aphezulu okuphepha kanye nemvelo. Nazi izibonelo nezicelo zazo ezithile:
1. Izingubo Zokuzivikela
- Izinto Zokucisha Umlilo: Ayishisi futhi ayishisi ilangabi, ivikela abacishi bomlilo emalangabini nasemisebeni yokushisa.
- Izingubo Zokusebenza Zezimboni: Kusetshenziswa ezimbonini zikawoyela, zamakhemikhali, kanye nezagesi ukuvimbela ukusha okuvela kuma-arcs, izinhlansi, noma insimbi encibilikisiwe.
- Izingubo Zezempi: Ihlangabezana nezidingo zokumelana nomlilo kanye nokuvikelwa kokushisa ezindaweni zokulwa (isb., abasebenzi bamathangi, iyunifomu yomshayeli).
2. Ezokuthutha
- Ingaphakathi Lezimoto: Izindwangu zezihlalo, izinto ezisetshenziswa ezihlokweni, kanye namakhaphethi, okuhambisana nezindinganiso ezivimbela ilangabi (isb., i-FMVSS 302).
- Izindiza: Izembozo zezihlalo zezindiza kanye nezindwangu zekhabhini, ezihlangabezana nemithetho eqinile yezindiza (isb., FAR 25.853).
- Isitimela/Isitimela Esihamba Ngesivinini Esiphezulu: Izihlalo, amakhethini, njll., ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ilangabi lisabalala kancane uma kwenzeka umlilo.
3. Izakhiwo Zomphakathi Nokwakha
- Izihlalo Zeshashalazi/Zenkundla: Kunciphisa izingozi zomlilo ezindaweni ezinabantu abaningi.
- Amakhethini Nemibhede Yehhotela/Isibhedlela: Kuthuthukisa ukuphepha komlilo ezindaweni zomphakathi.
- Ama-membrane Ezakhiwo: Izindwangu ezivimbela ilangabi zezakhiwo ezinkulu (isb., uphahla lwe-membrane oluthambile).
4. Izindwangu Zasekhaya
- Izingubo Zabantwana Nabadala: Kunciphisa izingozi zokusha emililweni yasekhaya.
- Izindwangu Zosofa/Zomatilasi: Ihambisana nezindinganiso zokuhlala ezivimbela umlilo (isb., UK BS 5852).
- Amakhaphethi/Izembozo Zodonga: Kuthuthukisa ukumelana nomlilo kwezinto zokuhlobisa zangaphakathi.
5. Izinto Zogesi Nezimboni
- Izimbozo Zedivayisi Ye-elekthronikhi: Isib., izikhwama ze-laptop, izimbobo zekhebula ezivimbela ilangabi, ukuvimbela imililo ye-short-circuit.
- Izingubo Zokulala Zezimboni/Amathaphu: Isetshenziswa ekushiseleni nasekusebenzeni kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu ukuze kuvikelwe.
6. Izicelo Ezikhethekile
- Imishini Yezempi/Ephuthumayo: Amatende, amaslayidi okubaleka, nezinye izidingo ezisheshayo ezivimbela umlilo.
- Ukuvikelwa Kwamandla Amasha: Izimbozo zokuhlukanisa ibhethri le-lithium ukuvimbela imililo ebalekayo eshisayo.
Izinzuzo Zobuchwepheshe
- Okunobungani Nemvelo: Igwema ubuthi (isb., ama-dioxin) kanye nokungcola okuvela kuma-halogenated flame retardants.
- Ukuqina Kokugeza: Ezinye izembozo zisebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bokuxhumanisa ukuze zikwazi ukumelana nomlilo isikhathi eside.
- Ukuhlanganiswa Kwemisebenzi Eminingi: Ingahlanganisa ukuvimbela amanzi, izakhiwo zokulwa namagciwane (isb., izinto zokuzivikela zezokwelapha).
Izindinganiso Eziyinhloko
- Okwamazwe ngamazwe: EN ISO 11612 (izingubo zokuzivikela), i-NFPA 701 (ukusha kwezindwangu).
- IShayina: GB 8624-2012 (izinto zokwakha ezimelana nomlilo), GB/T 17591-2006 (izindwangu ezivimbela ilangabi).
Izembozo ezivimbela umlilo ezingenayo i-halogen zisebenzisa amakhemikhali asekelwe ku-phosphorus, i-nitrogen, noma angaphili (isb., i-aluminium hydroxide) ukulinganisela ukuphepha kanye nokusimama, okwenza kube yisisombululo esihamba phambili sobuchwepheshe besikhathi esizayo obuvimbela umlilo.
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Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Juni-24-2025
