Inqubo Yokuhlakazwa Nokuhlakazeka Kwe-Solid Flame Retardants ku-Polyurethane AB Adhesive System

Inqubo Yokuhlakazwa Nokuhlakazeka Kwe-Solid Flame Retardants ku-Polyurethane AB Adhesive System

Ngokuhlakazwa/ukuhlakazwa kwezinqamuleli zomlilo eziqinile ezifana ne-aluminium hypophosphite (AHP), i-aluminium hydroxide (ATH), i-zinc borate, ne-melamine cyanrate (MCA) kusistimu yokunamathela ye-polyurethane AB, izinyathelo ezibalulekile zibandakanya ukwelashwa ngaphambi kwesikhathi, ukuhlakazwa kwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo, nokulawula umswakama oqinile. Ngezansi kunenqubo enemininingwane (yemibukiso ephezulu evimbela amalangabi; okunye ukubunjwa kungalungiswa ngokufanele).

I. Izimiso Eziyinhloko

1. “Ukuhlakazeka” empeleni kuwukuhlakazwa: Izinqamuli zomlilo eziqinile kufanele zihlakazwe ngokufanayo ku-polyol (ingxenye engu-A) ukuze zakhe ukumiswa okuzinzile.
2. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kwama-flame retardants: Lungiselela izinkinga zokumuncwa komswakamo, ukuhlanganisana, nokusebenza kabusha ngama-isocyanate.
3. Ukwengeza ngokwesinyathelo ngesinyathelo: Engeza izinto ezisetshenziswayo ngokulandelana kokuminyana kanye nosayizi wezinhlayiyana ukuze ugweme ukugxila okuphezulu okwenziwe kwasendaweni.
4. Ukulawula umswakama okuqinile: Amanzi adla i-isocyanate (-NCO) engxenyeni ye-B, okuholela ekwelapheni okubi.

II. Inqubo Enemininingwane Yokusebenza (Isekelwe ezingxenyeni eziyi-100 ze-polyol ku-A-component)

Isinyathelo 1: Ukwelashwa Kwangaphambi Kokushisa Kwamalangabi (amahora angu-24 kusengaphambili)

• I-Aluminium Hypophosphite (AHP, izingxenye eziyi-10):
  • Ukumbozwa okungaphezulu nge-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-silane (KH-550) noma i-ejenti yokuhlanganisa ye-titanate (NDZ-201):
    • Xuba izingxenye ezingu-0.5 zokuhlanganisa i-ejenti + izingxenye ezi-2 ze-ethanol anhydrous, gxuma imizuzu eyi-10 ye-hydrolysis.
    • Engeza i-AHP powder bese ushukumisa ngesivinini esikhulu (1000 rpm) imizuzu engu-20.
    • Yomisa kuhhavini ngo-80°C amahora angu-2, bese ugcina uvaliwe.
• I-Aluminium Hydroxide (ATH, izingxenye ezingama-25):
  • Sebenzisa usayizi we-submicron, i-silane-modified ATH (isb, i-Wandu WD-WF-20). Uma ingalungiswanga, phatha ngendlela efanayo ne-AHP.
• I-MCA (izingxenye ezingu-6) ne-Zinc Borate (izingxenye ezi-4):
  • Yomisa ku-60°C amahora angu-4 ukuze ukhiphe umswakama, bese uhlunga ngesikrini esingu-300-mesh.

Isinyathelo sesi-2: I-A-Component (I-Polyol Side) Inqubo Yokusabalalisa

1. Ukuxuba Kwesisekelo:
   • Engeza izingxenye eziyi-100 ze-polyol (isb, i-polyether polyol PPG) esitsheni esomile.
   • Engeza izingxenye ezingu-0.3 zokulinganisa i-polyether-modified polysiloxane (isb., BYK-333).
2. I-Low-Speed ​​Pre-Dispersion:
   • Engeza izinqamuleli zamalangabi ngokulandelana kwazo: I-ATH (izingxenye ezingu-25) → I-AHP (izingxenye ezingu-10) → i-zinc borate (izingxenye ezi-4) → i-MCA (izingxenye ezingu-6).
   • Govuza ku-300-500 rpm imizuzu eyi-10 kuze kungabi bikho impushana eyomile.
3. Ukuhlakazeka kwe-High-Shear:
   • Shintshela kusihlakazisi sesivinini esikhulu (≥1500 rpm) imizuzu engama-30.
   • Lawula izinga lokushisa ≤50°C (ukuvimbela i-polyol oxidation).
4. Ukugaya & Ukucwengisiswa (Kubalulekile!):
   • Dlula kumshini wokugaya onama-roll amathathu noma isihlabathi sikabhasikidi izikhathi ezingu-2-3 kuze kube ukuqina ≤30μm (ihlolwe ngegeji ye-Hegman).
5. Ukulungiswa Kwe-Viscosity & Defoaming:
   • Engeza izingxenye ezingu-0.5 ze-hydrophobic fumed silica (Aerosil R202) ukuze uvimbele ukuzinza.
   • Engeza izingxenye ezingu-0.2 ze-silicone defoamer (isb, i-Tego Airex 900).
   • Hlanganisa ku-200 rpm imizuzu engu-15 ukuze ukhiphe igesi.

Isinyathelo sesi-3: Ukwelashwa kwe-B-Component (Isocyanate Side).

• Engeza izingxenye ezi-4-6 zesisefo se-molecular (isb, i-Zeochem 3A) engxenyeni engu-B (isb, i-MDI prepolymer) ukuze uthole umswakama.
• Uma usebenzisa i-liquid phosphorus flame retardants (inketho ye-low-viscosity), hlanganisa ngokuqondile engxenyeni ye-B bese ugoqa imizuzu eyi-10.

Isinyathelo 4: AB Component Mixing & Curing

• Isilinganiso sokuxuba: Landela idizayini yokuqala yokunamathela ye-AB (isb, A:B = 100:50).
• Inqubo yokuhlanganisa:
  • Sebenzisa i-dual-component planetary mixer noma i-static mixing tube.
  • Hlanganisa imizuzu engu-2-3 kuze kube umfaniswano (akukho stringing).
• Izimo zokuphulukisa:
  • Ukwelashwa kwezinga lokushisa kwegumbi: amahora angama-24 (anwetshwe ngo-30% ngenxa yokumuncwa kokushisa okubambezela ilangabi).
  • Ukwelapha okusheshisiwe: 60°C/2 amahora (qinisekisa imiphumela engenabhamuza).

III. Amaphuzu Okulawula Inqubo Eyinhloko

IV. Ezinye Izindlela Zokusabalalisa (Ngaphandle Kwezisetshenziswa Zokugaya)

1. Ukwelashwa kwangaphambili kokugaya ibhola:
   • Hlanganisa ama-flame retardants kanye ne-polyol ngesilinganiso se-1: 1, i-ball mill amahora angu-4 (amabhola e-zirconia, usayizi we-2mm).
2. Indlela ye-Masterbatch:
   • Lungiselela i-masterbatch ye-flame retardant engu-50% (i-polyol njengesithwali), bese uyihlambulula ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.
3. Ukuhlakazeka kwe-Ultrasonic:
   • Faka isicelo se-ultrasonication (20kHz, 500W, 10 min) ku-slurry exutshwe ngaphambili (efanele ama-batches amancane).

V. Izincomo Zokuqalisa

1. Ukuhlola okuncane kuqala: Hlola nge-100g ye-A-component, egxile ekuzinzeni kwe-viscosity (ushintsho lwama-24h <10%) kanye nesivinini sokuphulukisa.
2. Umthetho wokulandelanisa we-flame retardant:
   • “Kuqala kuyasinda, kukhanya kamuva; kuhle kuqala, kuzofika kamuva” → I-ATH (sindayo) → I-AHP (inhle) → i-zinc borate (emaphakathi) → MCA (ilula/imaholoholo).
3. Ukuxazulula izinkinga eziphuthumayo:
   • Ukwanda okungazelelwe kwe-viscosity: Engeza u-0.5% we-propylene glycol methyl ether acetate (PMA) ukuze uhlambulule.
   • Ukwelapha okubi: Engeza i-MDI eguquliwe engu-5% (isb, i-Wanhua PM-200) engxenyeni ye-B.