Polyurethane AB Adhesive Powder Flame Retardant Formulations

Polyurethane AB Adhesive Powder Flame Retardant Formulations
Ngokusekelwe esidingweni sokubunjwa kwe-halogen-free flame retardant for polyurethane AB adhesives, kuhlanganiswe nezici nemiphumela ye-synergistic ye-flame retardants njenge-aluminium hypophosphite (AHP), i-aluminium hydroxide (ATH), i-zinc borate, ne-melamine cyanrate (MCA), lezi zikimu ezintathu ezilandelayo ziklanyelwe. Lezi ziqephu azinayo i-chlorine futhi zigxile ekwandiseni ukusebenza kahle kwe-flame retardant, ukuhambisana nokusebenza komzimba, kanye nokwenzeka kwenqubo:

1. Ukwakhiwa Kokubuyiswa Kwelangabi Eliphezulu (Ngokwembiza kagesi, i-encapsulation yebhethri, i-UL94 V-0 eqondiwe)

Inhlanganisela ye-Core Flame Retardant:

• I-Aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 8-12 phr (uhlobo olufakwe emanzini nge-polyurethane-coated lunconywa ukubhekana nezinkinga zemvula)
• I-Aluminium hydroxide (ATH): 20-25 phr (ibanga le-submicron, 0.2-1.0 μm, ukuthuthukisa inkomba ye-oxygen kanye ne-char compactness)
• I-MCA: 5-8 phr (i-gas-phase mechanism, i-synergistic ne-AHP esigabeni esifingqiwe)
• I-Zinc borate: 3-5 phr (ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-ceramic char futhi ivimbele ukushunqa)

Ukusebenza Okulindelekile:

• Inkomba ye-oxygen (LOI): ≥32% (i-PU ehlanzekile ≈22%);
• Isilinganiso se-UL94: V-0 (1.6 mm ukujiya);
• I-Thermal conductivity: 0.45-0.55 W/m·K (inikelwe i-ATH ne-zinc borate);
• Ukulawulwa kwe-viscosity: 25,000-30,000 cP (ukwelashwa okungaphezulu kuyadingeka ukuze kuvinjelwe ukubola).

Inqubo Eyinhloko:

• I-AHP kufanele ihlakazwe kusengaphambili engxenyeni ye-polyol (Ingxenye A) ukugwema ukusabela ngaphambi kwesikhathi nge-isocyanate (Ingxenye B);
• I-ATH kufanele ilungiswe nge-ejenti yokuhlanganisa i-silane (isb, i-KH-550) ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuhlangana kobuso.

2. Ukwakhiwa Okujwayelekile Okunezindleko Eziphansi (Okokuvalwa komsebenzi wokwakha, ukuhlanganisa ifenisha, okuhlosiwe okungu-UL94 V-1)

Inhlanganisela ye-Core Flame Retardant:

• I-Aluminium hydroxide (ATH): 30-40 phr (i-micron-grade ejwayelekile, engabizi kakhulu, i-filler-type retardant flame);
• I-Ammonium polyphosphate (APP): 10-15 phr (ihlanganiswe ne-MCA yesistimu ye-intumescent, ishintsha ama-halogenated agents);
• I-MCA: 5-7 phr (isilinganiso ku-APP 1:2~1:3, ikhuthaza ukuphuphuma kwamagwebu nokuhlukaniswa komoyampilo);
• I-Zinc borate: 5 phr (ukucindezela intuthu, ukwakheka kwe-char asizayo).

Ukusebenza Okulindelekile:

• I-LOI: ≥28%;
• Isilinganiso se-UL94: V-1;
• Ukwehliswa kwezindleko: ~ 30% (uma kuqhathaniswa nokwakhiwa kwe-high-flame-retadancy);
• Ukugcinwa kwamandla aqinile: ≥80% (i-APP idinga i-encapsulation ukuvimbela i-hydrolysis).

Inqubo Eyinhloko:

• I-APP kufanele ifakwe i-microencapsulated (isb, nge-melamine-formaldehyde resin) ukuze kugwenywe ukumuncwa komswakama kanye nokwakheka kwamabhamuza;
• Engeza i-1-2 phr hydrophobic fumed silica (isb., i-Aerosil R202) ukuze ungaxazululi.

3. Ukwakhiwa Kwenqubo Elula Ye-Viscosity Ephansi (Ukuze uthole ukunemba kwe-electronics bonding, edinga ukugeleza okuphezulu)

Inhlanganisela ye-Core Flame Retardant:

• I-Aluminium hypophosphite (AHP): 5-8 phr (nanosized, D50 ≤1 μm);
• I-liquid organic phosphorus flame retardant (okuhlukile kwe-BDP): 8-10 phr (isb, okuphuma ku-DMMP okusekelwe ku-phosphorus-free halogen, ukugcinwa kwe-viscosity);
• I-Aluminium hydroxide (ATH): 15 phr (inhlanganisela eyindilinga ye-alumina, ukulinganisa ukuqhutshwa kokushisa);
• I-MCA: 3-5 phr.

Ukusebenza Okulindelekile:

• Ububanzi be-viscosity: 10,000-15,000 cP (eduze nezinhlelo ezivimbela amalangabi e-liquid);
• Ukuncipha komlilo: UL94 V-0 (ithuthukiswe yi-phosphorus ewuketshezi);
• I-Thermal conductivity: ≥0.6 W/m·K (inikelwe i-alumina eyindilinga).

Inqubo Eyinhloko:

• I-AHP ne-alumina eyindilinga kufanele ihlanganiswe futhi ihlakazwe ngaphansi kwe-shear ephezulu (≥2000 rpm);
• Engeza i-4-6 phr molecular sieve desiccant kuNgxenye B ukuze uvimbele ukumuncwa komswakama we-AHP.

4. Ukuhlanganisa Amaphuzu Ezobuchwepheshe Nezinye Izixazululo

1. Izindlela ze-Synergistic:

• I-AHP + MCA:I-AHP ikhuthaza ukuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni kanye nokushaja, kuyilapho i-MCA ikhipha igesi ye-nitrogen lapho ifudumala, yakhe ungqimba olufana nekhekheba lezinyosi.
• I-ATH + Zinc borate:I-ATH imunca ukushisa (1967 J/g), futhi i-zinc borate yenza ungqimba lwengilazi ye-borate ukumboza indawo engaphezulu.

2. Ezinye Izinqamuleli Zomlilo:

• I-polyphosphazene derivatives:Ukusebenza kahle okuphezulu kanye ne-eco-friendly, ngokusetshenziswa kwe-HCl yomkhiqizo;
• I-Epoxy silicone resin (ESR):Uma ihlanganiswa ne-AHP, yehlisa ukulayishwa okuphelele (18% ku-V-0) futhi ithuthukisa izakhiwo zemishini.

3. Ukulawulwa Kwengcuphe Yenqubo:

• I-Sedimentation:Ama-anti-settlement agents (isb., izinhlobo ze-polyurea-modified) ezidingekayo uma i-viscosity engu-<10,000 cP;
• Ukuvimbela ukwelapha:Gwema ama-alkaline retardants amaningi (isb, i-MCA) ukuze uvimbele ukuphazamiseka kokusabela kwe-isocyanate.

5. Izincomo Zokuqalisa

• Beka kuqala ukuhlola ukubunjwa kwe-high-flame-retardancy: embozwe i-AHP + i-submicron ATH (usayizi wezinhlayiyana omaphakathi ngu-0.5 μm) kokuthi AHP:ATH:MCA = 10:20:5 ukuze kusetshenziswe kahle kwasekuqaleni.
• Ukuhlola okubalulekile:
  → LOI (GB/T 2406.2) kanye nokushiswa okuqondile kwe-UL94;
  → Amandla ebhondi ngemva kokuhamba ngebhayisikili okushisayo (-30℃~100℃, amahora angu-200);
  → Imvula ebuyisela amalangabi ngemva kokuguga okusheshayo (60℃/7d).

Ithebula Lokwenza I-Flame Retardant