Ukwakheka Kwezikhombo Zepulasitiki Ze-PVC Ezivikela Ulaka Eziyi-V-0

Ukwakheka Kwezikhombo Zepulasitiki Ze-PVC Ezivikela Ulaka Eziyi-V-0

Ukuze kufinyelelwe isilinganiso se-V-0 flame retardancy (ngokusho kwezindinganiso ze-UL-94) kumapulasitiki e-PVC thermoplastic, i-aluminium hypophosphite kanye ne-boric acid yizinto ezimbili ezivame ukusetshenziswa njenge-flame retardant. Amazinga azo okwengeza adinga ukwenziwa ngcono ngokusekelwe ekwakhiweni okuthile, izimo zokucubungula, kanye nezidingo zokusebenza. Ngezansi kunezincomo ezithile kanye nobubanzi bokubhekisela:

1. Izinga Lokwengeza le-Aluminium Hypophosphite

I-aluminium hypophosphite iyisivimbeli somlilo esisekelwe ku-phosphorus esisebenza kahle esifanele izinto ze-PVC. Ivimbela ukusha ngokwakha ungqimba lwe-phosphate oluvikelayo nokukhipha igesi ye-phosphoric acid.

• Izinga lokwengeza elinconyiwe: 15–25 imisho(izingxenye ngezingxenye eziyikhulu ze-resin)
• Nge-PVC ejwayelekile, engeza nxazonkeIzinhlamvu ezingu-20i-aluminium hypophosphite ngokuvamile ifinyelela isilinganiso se-V-0 sokungalali kahle.
• Ukuze kube nokushisa okuphezulu komlilo, umthamo ungandiswa, kodwa kufanele kucatshangelwe umthelela ezimpahleni zemishini.
• Izinyathelo zokuzivikela:
• I-aluminium hypophosphite eningi kakhulu inganciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokucubungula (isb., ukugeleza kwamanzi okungekuhle).
• Kunconywa ukuthi kuhlanganiswe nezinye izinto ezivimbela ilangabi (isb., i-boric acid, i-aluminium hydroxide) ukuze kube nemiphumela yokusebenzisana.

2. Izinga Lokwengeza le-Boric Acid

I-boric acid iyisivimbeli somlilo esingabizi kakhulu esisebenza ngokuyinhloko ngokubola kwe-endothermic kanye nokwakheka kwengqimba yokuvikela efana nengilazi.

• Izinga lokwengeza elinconyiwe: 5–15 imisho
• I-boric acid ivame ukusetshenziswa njengesithiyo sesibili somlilo, futhi inani eliningi kakhulu lingalimaza izakhiwo zemishini nezokucubungula.
• Ku-PVC, engeza nxazonkeIzinhlamvu eziyi-10i-boric acid ingasebenzisana ne-aluminium hypophosphite ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuvinjelwa komlilo.
• Izinyathelo zokuzivikela:
• I-boric acid i-hygroscopic, ngakho-ke ukugcinwa nokuphathwa kwayo kufanele kugweme ukumuncwa komswakama.
• Umphumela wayo wokuvimbela ilangabi unqunyelwe uma isetshenziswa yodwa; ngokuvamile ihlanganiswa nezinye izinto ezivimbela ilangabi (isb., i-aluminium hypophosphite, i-aluminium hydroxide).

3. Ukwakhiwa Okuhlangene Kwe-Aluminium Hypophosphite kanye ne-Boric Acid

Ukuze kufinyelelwe isilinganiso se-V-0, i-aluminium hypophosphite kanye ne-boric acid kungahlanganiswa ukuze kube nemiphumela yokusebenzisana. Ngezansi kunendlela yokubhekisela:

• I-hypophosphite ye-aluminium: 15–20 imisho
• I-asidi ye-boric: 5–10 imisho
• Ezinye izithasiselo:
• I-Plasticizer (isb., i-DOP): Njengoba kudingeka (ilungiswe ngokusekelwe ezidingweni zokuqina kwe-PVC)
• Isiqinisi:2–5 imisho(isb., usawoti we-lead, iziqinisi ze-calcium-zinc)
• Isithambisi:0.5–1 iphr(isb., i-stearic acid)

Isibonelo Sokwakheka:

• I-resin ye-PVC:Izinhlamvu eziyi-100
• I-hypophosphite ye-aluminium:Izinhlamvu ezingu-18
• I-borate ye-zinc:Izinhlamvu ezingu-8
• I-Plasticizer (DOP):40 phr
• Isiqinisi:Izahluko ezi-3
• Isithambisi:0.8 imisho

4. Ukuhlola Nokwenza Kusebenze Kahle

Ezinhlelweni ezisebenzayo, izinyathelo ezilandelayo ziyanconywa ukuze kuhlolwe futhi kuthuthukiswe:

1. Ukwakheka kwe-pilot:Lungisa isivivinyo esincane esisekelwe ezinhlotsheni zokubhekisela.
2. Ukuhlolwa kwe-UL-94:Yenza izivivinyo zokushisa ziqonde phezulu ukuze uhlole isilinganiso sokuvinjelwa komlilo.
3. Ukuhlolwa kokusebenza:Hlola izakhiwo zemishini (isb., amandla okudonsa, amandla okushaya) kanye nokusebenza kokucubungula (isb., ukugeleza kwamanzi, ukuzinza kokushisa).
4. Ukuthuthukisa:Lungisa amazinga okwengeza e-aluminium hypophosphite kanye ne-boric acid noma ufake ezinye izinto ezivimbela ilangabi (isb., i-aluminium hydroxide, i-antimony trioxide) ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza.

5. Izinto Ezibalulekile Okufanele Uzicabangele

• Ukushisa kokucubungula:Izinga lokushisa lokubola kwe-aluminium hypophosphite kanye ne-boric acid liphezulu kakhulu; qiniseka ukuthi amazinga okushisa okucubungula awadluli le mingcele ukuze ugweme ukubola.
• Ukuhlakazeka:Qinisekisa ukuthi izinto ezivimbela ilangabi zisakazeka ngokulinganayo ku-PVC ukuze uvimbele izinkinga zokuhlushwa kwendawo.
• Umthelela kwezemvelo:Kokubili i-aluminium hypophosphite kanye ne-boric acid kuyizinto ezivimbela ilangabi ezinobungani nemvelo, kodwa ukuhambisana nezinye izithako kufanele kuqinisekiswe.

6. Isiphetho

Ukuze kufinyelelwe izinga lokumelana nomlilo le-V-0 kumapulasitiki e-thermoplastic e-PVC, amazinga okwengeza anconywayo yilawa.15–25 phr ye-aluminium hypophosphitefuthi5–15 phr ye-boric acidUkusetshenziswa ngokubambisana kwalezi zithibi zomlilo kungathuthukisa ukusebenza. Empeleni, ukwenza ngcono okusekelwe ekwakhiweni okuthile kanye nezidingo zokusebenza kubalulekile, futhi ukuhlolwa kwe-UL-94 kufanele kwenziwe ukuqinisekisa isilinganiso sokuthibi zomlilo zingakanani.

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