Isixazululo Esihlelekile Sokunciphisa Ubuningi Bentuthu Yefilimu ye-TPU

Isixazululo Esihlelekile Sokunciphisa Ubuningi Bentuthu Yefilimu ye-TPU (Okwamanje: 280; Ithagethi: <200)
(Ukwakheka kwamanje: I-aluminium hypophosphite 15 phr, i-MCA 5 phr, i-Zinc borate 2 phr)

I. Ukuhlaziywa Kwenkinga Eyinhloko

1. Imikhawulo Yokwakheka Kwamanje:

• I-hypophosphite ye-aluminium: Ngokuyinhloko ivimbela ukusabalala kwelangabi kodwa inokunciphisa ukucinywa kwentuthu.
• I-MCA: Isivimbeli somlilo esisebenza ngesigaba segesi esisebenza ekukhanyeni kwangemuva (esivele sihlangabezana nomgomo) kodwa akwanele ukunciphisa umusi ovuthayo.
• I-borate ye-zinc: Ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-char kodwa ayilinganisiwe kahle (ama-phr amabili kuphela), yehluleka ukwakha ungqimba lwe-char oluqinile ngokwanele ukucindezela intuthu.

1. Isidingo Esiyinhloko:

• Nciphisa ubuningi bentuthu yokushisa ngokusebenzisaukucindezelwa kwentuthu okuthuthukisiwenomaizindlela zokunciphisa igesi.

II. Amasu Okuthuthukisa

1. Lungisa Izilinganiso Zokwakheka Ezikhona

• I-hypophosphite ye-aluminium: Khulisa ku-Izahluko ezingu-18–20(kuthuthukisa ukuvinjelwa komlilo kwesigaba esincishisiwe; qapha ukuguquguquka).
• I-MCA: Khulisa ku-Izahluko 6–8(kwandisa isenzo sesigaba segesi; inani eliningi kakhulu lingase lonakalise ukucubungula).
• I-borate ye-zinc: Khulisa ku-3–4 imisho(kuqinisa ukwakheka kwe-char).

Isibonelo Sokwakheka Okulungisiwe:

• I-aluminium hypophosphite: 18 phr
• I-MCA: 7 phr
• I-Zinc borate: 4 phr

2. Faka Izinto Zokucindezela Intuthu Ezisebenza Kakhulu

• Ama-compound e-Molybdenum(isb, i-zinc molybdate noma i-ammonium molybdate):
• Indima: Ikhuthaza ukwakheka kwe-char, idale isithiyo esiqinile sokuvimba intuthu.
• Isilinganiso: 2–3 phr (ihambisana ne-zinc borate).
• I-Nanoclay (i-montmorillonite):
• Indima: Isithiyo esibonakalayo sokunciphisa ukukhishwa kwegesi evuthayo.
• Isilinganiso: 3–5 phr (okuguqulwe ubuso ukuze kuhlakazeke).
• Izinto ezivimbela ilangabi ezisekelwe ku-silicone:
• Indima: Kuthuthukisa ikhwalithi ye-char kanye nokunciphisa intuthu.
• Isilinganiso: 1–2 phr (kugwema ukulahlekelwa ukucaca).

3. Ukuthuthukiswa Kwesistimu Esebenzisanayo

• I-borate ye-zinc: Engeza i-1–2 phr ukuze ihambisane ne-aluminium hypophosphite kanye ne-zinc borate.
• I-Ammonium polyphosphate (APP): Engeza i-1–2 phr ukuze uthuthukise isenzo sesigaba segesi nge-MCA.

III. Ukwakhiwa Okuphelele Okunconywayo

Imiphumela Elindelekile:

• Ubuningi bentuthu yokusha: ≤200 (ngokusebenzisa i-char + i-gas-phase synergy).
• Ubuningi bentuthu yokukhanya kwangemuva: Gcina ≤200 (MCA + zinc borate).

IV. Amanothi Okuthuthukisa Inqubo Eyinhloko

1. Icubungula Izinga Lokushisa: Gcina izinga lokushisa elingu-180–200°C ukuvimbela ukubola okubambezela ilangabi ngaphambi kwesikhathi.
2. Ukuhlakazeka:

• Sebenzisa ukuxuba ngesivinini esikhulu (≥2000 rpm) ukuze usabalalise i-nanoclay/molybdate efanayo.
• Engeza i-agent yokuxhumanisa i-silane engu-0.5–1 phr (isb., KH550) ukuze uthuthukise ukuhambisana kokugcwalisa.

1. Ukwakhiwa Kwamafilimu: Ukuze upholise, nciphisa izinga lokupholisa ukuze kube lula ukwakheka kwesendlalelo se-char.

V. Izinyathelo Zokuqinisekisa

1. Ukuhlolwa Kwelebhu: Lungisa amasampula ngokwefomula enconywayo; yenza ukuhlolwa kokushiswa okuqondile kwe-UL94 kanye nokuminyana kwentuthu (ASTM E662).
2. Ibhalansi Yokusebenza: Hlola amandla okudonsa, ukunwebeka, kanye nokucaca.
3. Ukuthuthukisa Okuphindaphindayo: Uma ukuminyana kwentuthu kuhlala kuphezulu, lungisa kancane kancane i-molybdate noma i-nanoclay (±1 phr).

VI. Izindleko Nokwenzeka

• Umthelela Wezindleko: I-Zinc molybdate (~¥50/kg) + i-nanoclay (~¥30/kg) inyusa izindleko eziphelele ngo-<15% ku-≤10% yokulayisha.
• Ukukhula Kwezimboni: Iyahambisana nokucutshungulwa kwe-TPU okujwayelekile; akukho mishini ekhethekile edingekayo.

VII. Isiphetho

Ngu-ukwandisa i-zinc borate + ukwengeza i-molybdate + i-nanoclay, uhlelo olunezinyathelo ezintathu (ukwakheka kwe-char + ukuncibilikiswa kwegesi + isithiyo esingokoqobo) ingafinyelela ubuningi bentuthu yokushisa obuqondiwe (≤200). Beka phambili ukuhlolai-molybdate + i-nanoclayinhlanganisela, bese kulungiswa izilinganiso ukuze kutholakale ibhalansi yokusebenza kwezindleko.